ultrasonography

Description

is an ultrasound-based diagnostic imaging technique used to visualize muscles and internal organs, their size, structures and possible pathologies or lesions. Obstetric sonography is commonly used during pregnancy and is widely recognized by the public. There are a plethora of diagnostic and therapeutic applications practiced in medicine.

Centre has installed the latest and highest GE Voluson E8, Philips IU 22 Matrix and GE P6. Some of the features are unique in the machine and not available elsewhere. The machine gives extreme resolution for excellent 2D and LIVE 3D (4D) assets/images. It has extreme color sensitivity. 3D assets/images in cross sectional view. VOCAL ( Volumetric organ calculation), Multislice CT like assets/images. PANORAMIC assets/images to include a wide area in single image.Dynamic MR to give maximum resolution, Broad band frequency compounding, harmonic imaging etc.

Some of the indications/uses are as under :

  1. 3D scan
  2. Color Doppler: To study the blood flow in pregnancy, carotid (in CVA) and limb vessels (pain in limb etc), renal arteries (in hypertension), testicular torsion, tumors etc.
  3. Abdominal and general scans.
  4. Pregnancy: Routine scans for foetal well being, growth retardations, foetal anomalies etc.
  5. Follicular and ovulation studies for infertility.
  6. Trans vaginal scans.
  7. Trans rectal scan for prostate (TRUS).
  8. Small parts examinations such as Eye, thyroid, breast, testis, musculo-skeletal system etc.

Sonography (ultrasonography) is widely used in medicine. It is possible to perform both diagnosis and therapeutic procedures, using ultrasound to guide interventional procedures (for instance biopsies or drainage of fluid collections). Sonographers are medical professionals who perform scans for diagnostic purposes. Sonographers typically use a hand-held probe (called a transducer) that is placed directly on and moved over the patient. A water-based gel is used to couple the ultrasound between the transducer and patient.

Sonography is effective for imaging soft tissues of the body. Superficial structures such as muscles, tendons, testes, breast and the neonatal brain are imaged at a higher frequency (7-18 MHz), which provides better axial and lateral resolution. Deeper structures such as liver and kidney are imaged at a lower frequency 1-6 MHz with lower axial and lateral resolution but greater penetration.

Medical sonography is used in, for example:

  1. Endocrinology
  2. Gastroenterology
  3. Gynaecology
  4. Obstetrics
  5. Ophthalmology
  6. Urology, to determine, for example, the amount of fluid retained in a patient's bladder.
  7. Musculoskeletal, tendons, muscles, nerves, and bone surfaces
  8. Intravascular ultrasound
  9. Intervenional
  10. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

A general-purpose sonographic machine may be able to be used for most imaging purposes. Usually specialty applications may be served only by use of a specialty transducer. Most ultrasound procedures are done using a transducer on the surface of the body, but improved diagnostic confidence is often possible if a transducer can be placed inside the body. For this purpose, specialty transducers, including endovaginal, endorectal, and transesophageal transducers are commonly employed. At the extreme of this, very small transducers can be mounted on small diameter catheters and placed into blood vessels to image the walls and disease of those vessels.